Metal Laser Cutting Machines | High-Precision Solutions by Tianchen

The metal laser cutting process is a non-contact thermal-based method that uses a focused high-energy density laser beam to melt, burn, or vaporize material along a predetermined path. The process begins with a laser source, typically a fiber laser, which generates the beam. This beam is then transmitted through a fiber optic cable and focused onto the workpiece surface by a lens assembly within the cutting head. An assist gas, such as oxygen or nitrogen, is coaxially jetted through a nozzle to eject molten material from the kerf and protect the optics. Oxygen supports an exothermic reaction that enhances cutting speed for mild steel, while nitrogen is used for inert cutting to achieve clean, oxide-free edges on stainless steel or aluminum. The critical parameters governing the process include laser power, cutting speed, assist gas type and pressure, and focal point position relative to the material surface. Optimal parameter selection is material and thickness-dependent; for example, cutting a 1mm thick stainless steel sheet requires high speed and low power to minimize heat input, whereas cutting a 20mm thick carbon steel plate necessitates high power, slower speeds, and oxygen assist. The CNC system precisely coordinates the movement of the cutting head relative to the workpiece, enabling the production of highly complex geometries with exceptional accuracy and repeatability. For technical details on how this process can be applied to your materials, please contact our process engineering team.